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We’ll now take a quick look at each of the 3 revolutions, and some of the thought-provoking perspectives presented by Harari. For more details, do get a copy of the book, or get a detailed overview with our full 17-page summary. This was the start of human history, which Harari classified into 3 key revolutions: the Cognitive Revolution (70,000 years ago), the Agricultural Revolution (12,000 years ago) and the Scientific Revolution (500 years ago). The first Homo sapiens appeared in East Africa about 200,000 years ago, but only started to spread outside Africa 130,000 years later.They looked like us (especially the Neanderthals), with big brains and moved on 2 legs. Around 100,000 years ago, there were at least 6 Homo species co-habiting Earth, including the Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis. Around 6 million years ago, human/ape-like traits emerged, and the first Homos appeared in Africa 2.5 million years ago.About 3.8 billion years ago, some molecules combined to form organisms on Earth.Around 300,000 years later, matter and energy fused into atoms, which then combined into molecules. About 13.5 billion years ago, the Big Bang brought matter, energy, time and space into this Universe.Summary of Homo Sapiens’ Evolutionary Timeline In reality, Sapiens’ existence on Earth is just a speck on its evolutionary timeline. In “Sapiens”, Yuval Noah Harari gives a detailed account of human history, presenting the facts and myths of how mankind has dominated the planet, the driving forces shaping our lives and how we can think about our impact on Earth and our collective future. In this summary, we’ll outline some of the key ideas in the book.įor the full details, examples and perspectives, do get a copy of the book, or get a detailed overview with our complete book summary bundle.Īll humans alive today are Homo sapiens we’re part of the Homo genus (in the same family as chimpanzees, gorillas and orang-utans) and we’re of the species Sapiens (which means “wise”). In reality, we were not the only human species that existed on Earth, and most of our progress happened only in the recent past. We tend to think of mankind as the unique and inevitable masters of this Universe.